CLASSIFICATION OF ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES :
Phylum : Nematoda
class : Phasmidia
Order : Ascaroidea
Suborder : Ascarinae
Family : Ascaridae
Genus : Ascaris
Species : lumbricoides
EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY :
Shape and size : Body is elongate, cylindrical and gradually tapering at both ends, the anterior end being more slender than the posterior. Sexes are separate with a distinct sexual dimorphism. Female measures 20 to 40 cm in length and 4 to 6 mm in diameter. It has a straight tail. while male is smaller, upto 20 cm in length and 2 to 4mm in diameter. Its tail is curved ventrally. The cuticle covering the body surface bears minute transvers striations, giving a pseudosegmented appearance to the worm.
Colouration : Fresh specimens are light yellow to light pink in colour. Semitransparency of body wall enables some of the internal organs to be seen through it.
Longitudinal Streakes or Lines : Running along the entire length of body are four longitudinal streaks or lines - one mid - dorsal, one mid ventral, and two lateral. Dorsal and ventral lines appear pure white, while lateral lines, which are more conspicuous , appear brown. These lines are simply the impression of syncytial epidermis which is much thickened all along the length at the median dorsal, median ventral and two lateral positions.
The excretory pore is situated mid-ventrally, a little behind the mouth. in female , the genital pore and anus open separately; the genital pore is situated mid - ventrally at about one third distane from the anterior end.
Anterior end : Anterior end is rounded bearing a small terminal triradiate mouth aperture guarded by three broad lips or labia. These are best seen en face, that is in frontal view. One lip is mid-dorsal and broadly elliptical and two are sub ventral or latero ventral and oval. Inner or oral margin of each lip has a forked fleshy core made of two anterior extensions of labial parenchyma , and bears minute denticles. These denticulate inner margins of lips from a sort of rasping surface. Outer surface of each lip bears minute sensory papillae. Dorsal lip bear two double papillae one on each side. Each latero -ventral lip bears one double papillae in its ventral portion and a single papillae in lateral portion, near which is an amphid, that is opening of an amphidial gland. A cervical papillae is also present just behind each latero ventral lip. papillae are perhaps tangoreceptors while amphids are probably chaemoreceptors.
Posterior end : As already stated posterior or tail end of body shows clear sexual dimorphism. It is straight in female but curved ventrally in male.
Excretory pore : A single excretory lies mid-ventrally at a distance of about 2mm from the anterior end.
Female Gonopore : The genital pore or vulva of female lies mid - ventrally at about one-third distance from the anterior end. But the genital pore of male opens into cloaca.
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